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100			_aFrost, Lionel _956196
245			_aWater Technology and the Urban Environment: _bWater, Sewerage, and Disease in San Francisco and Melbourne before 1920/
260			_bSage, _c2020.
300			_aVol 46, Issue 1, 2020 ( 15-32 p.).
520			_aThe challenges cities face in supplying safe water and disposing effectively of sewage and wastewater are affected by historical and environmental conditions and the long-lasting effects of choices of infrastructure. This article provides case studies of two similar cities, San Francisco and Melbourne, from the mid-nineteenth-century gold rushes to 1920, to show how differences in geography and governance structure can shape water technologies in a path-dependent way. While the two cities developed safe water supplies early in their histories, these were not well integrated with sewerage systems. The use of typhoid death rates, which provide a proxy for water quality and urban pollution, reveals the impact of defective water technology on the urban environment in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
773	0		_09176 _916956 _dThousand Oaks Sage Publications _tJournal of urban history _x00961442
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0096144217692988
942			_2ddc _cEJR
999			_c13943 _d13943