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100 _aPickartz, Natalie
_952391
245 _aDeciphering archeological contexts from the magnetic map: Determination of daub distribution and mass of Chalcolithic house remains/
260 _bSage,
_c2019.
300 _aVol 29, issue 10, 2019 : (1637-1652 p.).
520 _aThe unique size and development of prehistoric megasites of the north Pontic Cucuteni-Tripolye Chalcolithic groups (4100–3600 BCE) challenge modern archeology and paleoecology. The extremely large number of houses (approximately 3000, mostly burned) necessitates the development of multidisciplinary technologies to gain a holistic understanding of such sites. In this contribution, we introduce a novel geophysical methodology and a detailed analysis of magnetic data – including evolved modeling techniques – to provide critical information about the setup of findings, enabling a thorough understanding of the settlement dynamics, apart from invasive excavation techniques. The case study is based on data from magnetic field maps and distribution maps of the daub and pottery find categories. This information is used to infer magnetic models for each find category to numerically calculate their magnetic fields for comparison with the archeological data. The comparison quantifies the sensitivity of the magnetic measurements with respect to the distribution of the different find categories. Next, via inversion computation, the characteristic depth functions of soil magnetization are used to generate maps of magnetization from the measured magnetic field maps. To validate the inverted soil magnetization maps, the magnetic excavation models are used, providing an interpretational frame for the application to magnetic anomalies outside excavated areas. This joint magnetic and archeological methodology allows estimating the find density and testing hypotheses about the burning processes of the houses. In this paper, we show internal patterns of burned houses, comparable to archeological house models, and their calculated masses as examples of the methodology. An application of the new approach to complete megasites has the potential to enable a better understanding of the settlement structure and its evolution, improve the quality of population estimations, and thus calculate the human impact on the forest steppe environment and address questions of resilience and carrying capacity.
650 _aCucuteni-Tripolye,
_952392
650 _adaub, inversion,
_952393
650 _amagnetics,
_952394
650 _amagnetization,
_952395
650 _a modeling,
_951555
650 _a prehistoric sites,
_952396
650 _aquantification,
_952397
650 _atripolye megasites,
_952398
651 _aUkraine
_952399
700 _aHofmann, Robert
_952384
700 _aDreibrodt, Stefan
_952321
700 _aRassmann, Knut
_952400
700 _aShatilo, Liudmyla
_952386
700 _aOhlrau, René
_952385
700 _aWilken, Dennis
_952325
700 _aRabbel , Wolfgang
_952401
773 0 _012756
_916504
_dLondon: Sage Publication Ltd, 2019.
_tHolocene/
_x09596836
856 _uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619857238
942 _2ddc
_cART
999 _c12884
_d12884